Skien municipality's bedrock consists of a multitude of rocks with different ages and different stories.
Oldest is the old bedrock that makes up large parts of the municipal area to the west. The rocks found here are over 1 billion years old, and are therefore called pre-Cambrian rocks. Most commonly used are granite, gneiss and amphibolite.
In Skien you can visit Kapitelberget where you can see the ruins of a crypt church, there are only 4 such church ruins in Norway. The typical fossils we find on Kapitelberget are remnants of sea lilies, honeycomb corals, goblet corals and chain corals, as well as an extinct type of sponge (stromatoporoids).
The glaser mine is the first mining plant of Fossum Jernverk, and the first iron mine that can be timed in Norway, built in 1543. It was operation at Fossum Jernverk until 1876. Today, the glaser mine is a protected cultural monument. Mikael's cave is a mountain cave, 30 m above sea level, north of Løveid in Skien. The cave is the result of deep weathering of granitic gneisses, and later human expansion.
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